Shih Tzu Information and History
Pure breeds are defined as “of or belonging to a recognized strain established by breeding individuals of unmixed heritage over many generations.” Purebred dogs are extremely popular and are the only dog breeds recognized by the American Kennel Association (AKC). These dogs have a documented ancestry, or pedigree, as well as specific characteristics of the breed they represent. Pure breeds are selectively bred, or inbred, to retain and strengthen their genetic traits.
Two popular pure breeds are the Shih Tzu and the Maltese. Both are ancient breeds originating in China and Malta, respectively. Because of their popularity and because of specific desirable traits, Maltese and Shih Tzu mixed breeds have gained recognition and interest. A Maltese Shih Tzu mix is called a Mal-Shi.
Though mixed breeds are commonly known as “mutts,” the mixing of two pure breeds is viewed as a crossbreed or hybrid. Hybrids are recognized by the American Canine Hybrid Club and can register and compete with proper documentation. Mixing two pure breeds is thought to result in a better overall dog with any possible combination of both its parents’ different genetic characteristics.
Maltese Shih Tzu mixed breeds, or Mal-Shi, are recognized by the American Canine Hybrid Club. A Mal-Shi puppy will have characteristics of both its parents. The fur is silky and may be wavy or straight and in varying colors. It is also hypoallergenic and sheds very little. Mal-Shi dogs are energetic, sociable and alert. The Mal-Shi comes from two breeds with long histories and it is no surprise that owners believe this mix benefits from both lines of ancestry.
The Shih Tzu dates back to at least 17th century Tibet, China and may be as much as 2000 years old. Shih Tzu are believed to be a cross breed of the Lhasa Apso and Pekingese. These toy dogs are sturdy and have two coats of soft, silky, multi-colored fur. Their personalities are described as alert, stubborn, intelligent, and energetic. Shih Tzu may have various health problems such as ocular disease and spinal problems. Their coats are high-maintenance and require daily brushing. Some owners may have the dog groomed in a “pet clip” or “puppy cut”, which is a short style that requires less upkeep.
The Maltese (pronounced mawl-tees) side of the Maltese Shih Tzu mix may date back 28 centuries. The breed is from the Island of Malta, and has not changed significantly in the intervening years. This breed has a single coat of long, silky white fur with dark eyes and a black nose. The fur does not shed and thus is considered hypoallergenic. The Maltese is similar in appearance (except for the uniform whiteness of its coat) to the Shih Tzu with a long, sturdy body that is prone to spinal problems.
These dogs are characterized as sociable, highly energetic, difficult to housebreak and fearless. Their lack of fear for other animals and extreme energy can make them a handful for owners. But they are also lapdogs that enjoy cuddling and are also good overall family pets.
The hybrid, Mal-Shi, puppies-which are the result of the remarkable Maltese and Shih Tzu breeds- have the varied traits of both parents. Just as the Shih Tzu originally descended from a mix of the Lhasa Apso and Pekingese, it is possible that one day the Maltese Shih Tzu may be recognized as a pure breed by the American Kennel Association.
Rebecca Simpson, a native of Hong Kong, wrote a graduate thesis on the influence of dogs on recent Chinese royal culture. The Shih Tzu is as well known for its delightful personality as it is for its long, flowing coat. Shih Tzu information can be found online, at public libraries, and from breeders.
